Noise is an unwanted and unnecessary sound that is loud, disturbing, and unpleasant to hear produced by different sources from the environment. The Breathable Wall provides for a lot of air movement while blocking light, allowing the wall to keep the same cooling and ventilation. Since water can be both gas and liquid, there may be a chance where it lands on the fabrics in the indoor environment which causes the building to be damp, condensation or mouldy.
Soft materials often act as good acoustic insulators i.e., absorbing the majority of the sound, whereas dense hard materials like metals mostly reflect. That is why sound damping materials are made of soft insulators.
In this paper, after researching the properties of sound and the mechanism of breathable walls, the team proposes to increase the use of breathable walls for a better surrounding and environment.
There are five basic properties of sound wave; Wavelength, amplitude, frequency, period, and velocity. Sound can be measured by Sound Absorption and Sound Transmission Loss.
In Sound absorption, it determines the amount of sound that has been absorbed by the material or structure. When sound passes through a medium, it is absorbed — captured by the medium’s molecules. Some of the sound wave’s acoustic energy is converted to heat by the medium. The acoustic energy of the sound causes the molecules in the medium to vibrate, which is one way this happens. As for sound transmission, it determines the amount as sound that has been reflected by the material or structure. When sound collides with a barrier, vibrations’ energy is transferred and reflected from the material.
Source: ScienceDirect
A Helmholtz resonator consists of a cavity with a stiff wall with open holes called the neck that produces a single acoustic resonance whereby sound waves are able to vibrate or travel easily. The broadband and substantial absorption of sound at low frequencies uses a soft-walled chamber with a hollow neck and a compliant Helmholtz resonator. Hence, at a resonance frequency, Helmholtz resonator is able to absorb a maximum amount of sound energy.
These are the factors affecting sound transmission loss. An assembly’s component layers’ mass per unit area is an essential physical parameter affecting airborne sound transmission loss through it. In specific frequency ranges, the “mass law” is a theoretical rule that applies to most materials.
Flanking paths are less evident sound channels in an inefficient design that can transmit more sound energy than the straight channel via the common wall or floor.
There are other factors affecting sound absorption and sound transmission like geometric spreading, atmospheric effects, and surface effects. The factors are:
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