© 2012 International Institute for Learning, Inc.
DS – 624
Quality Management
© 2014 International Institute for Learning, Inc.
7-00-*
IIL-LSSGB
Learning objectives
Articulate what is a control chart
Describe the elements of a control chart
Describe the types of control charts
Articulate how to use control charts
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
Introduction to Control
IIL-LSSGB
7-00-*
Roadmap – Control Phase
Define
Houston, we
have a problem
Measure
How bad is it?
Analyze
Find the
Root Cause
Improve
Fix it- Eliminate
Root Cause
Control
Make it
stay fixed
Control Plan
Control Charts
Project Close Out
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
Introduction to Control
IIL-LSSGB
This roadmap shows the activities and tools of the Control phase. It is designed to give you a good overview of the main steps in Control.
7-00-*
Monitoring the Process
Review of Control Chart Fundamentals
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
7_TP-*
Transition Planning
IIL-LSSGB
SPC in Control Phase
In the Control Phase, Control Charts are the primary tool for real-time process monitoring – to drive appropriate corrective action.
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
Transition Planning
IIL-LSSGB
7_TP-*
Chart1
16 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
14 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
19 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
25 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
32 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
36 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
48 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
24 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
17 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
18 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
28 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
22 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
33 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
71 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
45 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
32 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
17 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
25 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
16 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
25 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
36 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
27 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
27 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
19 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
15 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
26 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
29 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
45 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
33 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
27 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
26 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
88 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
45 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
Individuals – Installation Time
Mean CL: 30.48
Sheet1
Day Billing Errors Wk 1 2 3 4 5 FW Cars Visual Defects DPU Installation Time
1 13 1 55 75 65 80 57 1 10 60 6 16
2 9 2 90 95 60 60 85 2 12 75 6.3 14
3 7 3 100 75 75 65 62 3 7 42 6 19
4 12 4 70 110 65 60 100 4 14 77 5.5 25
5 13 5 55 65 95 70 70 5 12 69 5.8 32
6 10 6 75 85 65 65 100 6 12 72 6 36
7 24 7 120 110 65 85 50 7 13 76 5.8 48
8 12 8 65 65 90 90 60 8 10 55 5.5 24
9 13 9 70 85 60 65 75 9 9 51 5.7 17
10 11 10 100 80 65 60 90 10 14 78 5.6 18
11 8 11 13 72 5.5 28
12 8 12 13 77 5.9 22
13 10 13 12 74 6.2 33
14 13 14 10 57 5.7 71
15 11 15 11 62 5.6 45
16 14 16 13 41 3.2 32
17 12 17 11 30 2.7 17
18 10 18 15 45 3 25
19 11 19 15 42 2.8 16
20 9 20 14 40 2.9 25
36
27
27
19
15
26
29
45
33
27
26
88
45
Indiv
SigmaXL Control Charts $M$1 IND 12.46875 30.4848484848 imean Installation Time
Sheet1 1 16 16 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338 indvmean
33 2 14 2 14 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
34 3 19 5 19 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
4 25 6 25 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
5 32 7 32 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
6 36 4 36 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
M$34 7 48 12 48 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
8 24 24 24 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
9 17 7 17 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
10 18 1 18 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
11 28 10 28 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
12 22 6 22 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
13 33 11 33 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
14 71 38 71 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
15 45 26 45 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
16 32 13 32 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
17 17 15 17 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
18 25 8 25 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
19 16 9 16 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
20 25 9 25 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
21 36 11 36 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
22 27 9 27 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
23 27 0 27 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
24 19 8 19 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
25 15 4 15 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
26 26 11 26 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
27 29 3 29 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
28 45 16 45 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
29 33 12 33 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
30 27 6 27 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
31 26 1 26 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
32 88 62 88 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
33 45 43 45 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
Indiv
Individuals – Installation Time
Mean CL: 30.48
Control Chart Basics
A picture of a process over time (e.g., Time Series Plot)
With Control Limits that help distinguish between Special Cause variation (abnormal) and Common Cause variation (normal or systemic)
The Control Limits are based on the data, not customer or internal requirements
Control Limits
Special Cause
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
Transition Planning
IIL-LSSGB
7_TP-*
Chart1
16 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
14 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
19 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
25 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
32 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
36 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
48 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
24 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
17 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
18 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
28 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
22 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
33 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
71 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
45 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
32 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
17 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
25 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
16 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
25 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
36 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
27 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
27 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
19 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
15 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
26 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
29 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
45 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
33 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
27 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
26 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
88 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
45 30.4848484848 -2.6767206641 63.6464176338
Individuals – Installation Time
Mean CL: 30.48
Sheet1
Day Billing Errors Wk 1 2 3 4 5 FW Cars Visual Defects DPU Installation Time
1 13 1 55 75 65 80 57 1 10 60 6 16
2 9 2 90 95 60 60 85 2 12 75 6.3 14
3 7 3 100 75 75 65 62 3 7 42 6 19
4 12 4 70 110 65 60 100 4 14 77 5.5 25
5 13 5 55 65 95 70 70 5 12 69 5.8 32
6 10 6 75 85 65 65 100 6 12 72 6 36
7 24 7 120 110 65 85 50 7 13 76 5.8 48
8 12 8 65 65 90 90 60 8 10 55 5.5 24
9 13 9 70 85 60 65 75 9 9 51 5.7 17
10 11 10 100 80 65 60 90 10 14 78 5.6 18
11 8 11 13 72 5.5 28
12 8 12 13 77 5.9 22
13 10 13 12 74 6.2 33
14 13 14 10 57 5.7 71
15 11 15 11 62 5.6 45
16 14 16 13 41 3.2 32
17 12 17 11 30 2.7 17
18 10 18 15 45 3 25
19 11 19 15 42 2.8 16
20 9 20 14 40 2.9 25
36
27
27
19
15
26
29
45
33
27
26
88
45
Indiv
SigmaXL Control Charts $M$1 IND 12.46875 30.4848484848 imean Installation Time
Sheet1 1 16 16 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338 indvmean
33 2 14 2 14 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
34 3 19 5 19 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
4 25 6 25 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
5 32 7 32 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
6 36 4 36 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
M$34 7 48 12 48 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
8 24 24 24 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
9 17 7 17 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
10 18 1 18 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
11 28 10 28 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
12 22 6 22 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
13 33 11 33 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
14 71 38 71 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
15 45 26 45 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
16 32 13 32 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
17 17 15 17 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
18 25 8 25 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
19 16 9 16 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
20 25 9 25 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
21 36 11 36 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
22 27 9 27 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
23 27 0 27 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
24 19 8 19 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
25 15 4 15 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
26 26 11 26 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
27 29 3 29 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
28 45 16 45 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
29 33 12 33 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
30 27 6 27 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
31 26 1 26 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
32 88 62 88 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
33 45 43 45 -2.6767206641 30.4848484848 63.6464176338
Indiv
Individuals – Installation Time
Mean CL: 30.48
Interpreting Control Charts
Signals of being out-of-control
1 or more points outside control limits
2 out of 3 consecutive points on same side of center line in Zone A or beyond
4 out of 5 consecutive points are on the same side of center line in Zone B or beyond
15 consecutive points in Zone C (above or below mean); i.e., “hugging the average”
8 consecutive points
in Zone B or beyond (on either side
of the center line)
1 or more points outside control limits:
This type of pattern indicates a special cause of variation has occurred. Focus should be on pinpointing what was different in the process at the time the data was generated.
2 out of 3 consecutive points on the same side of centerline in Zone A or beyond:
Could be an early warning signal of a process shift. Depending on whether the shift direction is desirable or not, the team should work to identify what the change was that caused the shift so it can be eliminated or preserved.
4 out of 5 consecutive points on the same side of the center line in Zone B or beyond:
Another early warning signal of a process shift.
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
Transition Planning
7_TP-*
IIL-LSSGB
Types of Control Charts: Selection Tree
Start
I-MR
P-Chart
Xbar-R
Xbar-S
Chart
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
Subgroups
Individuals
Occurrences & non-Occurrences
(Discr. Proportion)
Only occurrences
(Discr. Count)
Continuous
No
Discrete
Type of
Data
Individuals or
subgroups?
Is subgroup
size >or=10?
What is
counted?
Equal
subgroup
sizes?
U Chart
NP-Chart
C Chart
Equal
subgroup
sizes?
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
Transition Planning
IIL-LSSGB
Use this as a roadmap for selecting your control chart.
7_TP-*
Discrete Data Control Charts
P-Chart
U Chart
NP Chart
C Chart
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
Transition Planning
IIL-LSSGB
Use this as a roadmap for selecting your control chart.
7_TP-*
Continuous Data Control Charts
I-MR Chart
Xbar-R Chart
Xbar-S
Chart
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
Transition Planning
IIL-LSSGB
Use this as a roadmap for selecting your control chart.
7_TP-*
Select the appropriate Control Chart
A process team will be tracking the proportion of internal audit reports with incomplete data sent week. The number of reports sent each week is 100.
Start
Yes
Occurrences & non-Occurrences
(Discr. Proportion)
Discrete
Type of
Data
What is
counted?
Equal
subgroup
sizes?
NP Chart
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
Transition Planning
IIL-LSSGB
7_TP-*
Select the appropriate Control Chart
A process team will be measuring the time required to complete the user acceptance testing of product features. They are taking subgroups of five test cases per day.
Start
Xbar-R
Xbar-S
Chart
No
Subgroups
Continuous
Type of
Data
Individuals or
subgroups?
Is subgroup
size >or=10?
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
Transition Planning
IIL-LSSGB
7_TP-*
Response Planning
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
Transition Planning
IIL-LSSGB
7_TP-*
Closed Loop Corrective Action
A point above the UCL is a control rule violation.
What process parameter(s) require response & what should the response be (based on magnitude of the problem or alarm)?
Thickness
17.5
5.0
7.5
10.0
12.5
15.0
17.5
20.0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Target =10.46
LCL=5.22
UCL=15.70
A “closed loop” plan involves a procedure for documenting discrepancies, defects or out-of-control situations, guidelines for action, and specific response guidelines.
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
Transition Planning
7_TP-*
IIL-LSSGB
Learning objectives
Articulate what is a control chart
Describe the elements of a control chart
Describe the types of control charts
Articulate how to use control charts
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt
Introduction to Control
IIL-LSSGB
7-00-*
© 2012 International Institute for Learning, Inc.
Thank you!
© 2014 International Institute for Learning, Inc.
7-00-*
IIL-LSSGB
Mean CL: 30.48
-2.68
63.65
-7.21
2.79
12.79
22.79
32.79
42.79
52.79
62.79
72.79
82.79
123456789
101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233
Individuals – Installation Time
Delivering a high-quality product at a reasonable price is not enough anymore.
That’s why we have developed 5 beneficial guarantees that will make your experience with our service enjoyable, easy, and safe.
You have to be 100% sure of the quality of your product to give a money-back guarantee. This describes us perfectly. Make sure that this guarantee is totally transparent.
Read moreEach paper is composed from scratch, according to your instructions. It is then checked by our plagiarism-detection software. There is no gap where plagiarism could squeeze in.
Read moreThanks to our free revisions, there is no way for you to be unsatisfied. We will work on your paper until you are completely happy with the result.
Read moreYour email is safe, as we store it according to international data protection rules. Your bank details are secure, as we use only reliable payment systems.
Read moreBy sending us your money, you buy the service we provide. Check out our terms and conditions if you prefer business talks to be laid out in official language.
Read more