Pulmonary Function and Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Pulmonary Function: D.R. is a 27-year-old man who presents to the nurse practitioner at the Family Care Clinic complaining of increasing SOB wheezing fatigue cough stuffy nose watery eyes and postnasal drainage—all of which began four days ago. Three days ago he began monitoring his peak flow rates several times a day. His peak flow rates have ranged from 65-70% of his regular baseline with nighttime symptoms for 3 nights on the last week and often have been at the lower limit of that range in the morning. Three days ago he also began to self-treat with frequent albuterol nebulizer therapy. He reports that usually his albuterol inhaler provides him with relief from his asthma symptoms but this is no longer enough treatment for this asthmatic episode.Case Study Questions Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Homeostasis:Ms. Brown is a 70-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus who has been too ill to get out of bed for 2 days. She has had a severe cough and has been unable to eat or drink during this time. On admission her laboratory values show the following: Case Study Questions Submission Instructions: Grading Rubric Your assignment will be graded according to the grading rubric. Identification of Main Issues Problems and Concepts Distinguished – 5 pointsIdentify and demonstrate a sophisticated understanding of the issues problems and concepts. Excellent – 4 pointsIdentifies and demonstrate an accomplished understanding of most of issues problems and concepts. Fair – 2 pointsIdentifies and demonstrate an acceptable understanding of most of issues problems and concepts. Poor – 1 pointIdentifies and demonstrate an unacceptable understanding of most of issues problems and concepts. Use of Citations Writing Mechanics and APA Formatting Guidelines Distinguished – 3 pointsEffectively uses the literature and other resources to inform their work. Exceptional use of citations and extended referencing. High level of APA precision and free of grammar and spelling errors. Excellent – 2 pointsEffectively uses the literature and other resources to inform their work. Moderate use of citations and extended referencing. Moderate level of APA precision and free of grammar and spelling errors. Fair – 1 pointIneffectively uses the literature and other resources to inform their work. Moderate use of citations and extended referencing. APA style and writing mechanics need more precision and attention to detail. Poor – 0 pointsIneffectively uses the literature and other resources to inform their work. An unacceptable use of citations and extended referencing. APA style and writing mechanics need serious attention. Distinguished – 2 pointsStudent constructively responded to two other posts and either extended expanded or provided a rebuttal to each. Fair – 1 pointStudent constructively responded to one other post and either extended expanded or provided a rebuttal. Poor – 0 pointsStudent provided no response to a peers post. Requirements: According to the case study information how would you classify the severity of D.R. asthma attack? Name the most common triggers for asthma in any given patients and specify in your answer which ones you consider applied to D.R. on the case study. Based on your knowledge and your research please explain the factors that might be the etiology of D.R. being an asthmatic patient. Serum glucose 412 mg/dL Serum sodium (Na+) 156 mEq/L Serum potassium (K+) 5.6 mEq/L Serum chloride (Cl–) 115 mEq/L Arterial blood gases (ABGs): pH 7.30; PaCO2 32 mmHg; PaO2 70 mmHg; HCO3– 20 mEq/L Based on Ms. Brown admission’s laboratory values could you determine what type of water and electrolyte imbalance does she has? Describe the signs and symptoms to the different types of water imbalance and described clinical manifestation she might exhibit with the potassium level she has. In the specific case presented which would be the most appropriate treatment for Ms. Brown and why? What the ABGs from Ms. Brown indicate regarding her acid-base imbalance? Based on your readings and your research define and describe Anion Gaps and its clinical significance. You must complete both case studies Your initial post should be at least 500 words per case study formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources. Your initial post is worth 8 points. You should respond to at least two of your peers by extending refuting/correcting or adding additional nuance to their posts. Your reply posts are worth 2 points (1 point per response.) All replies must be constructive and use literature where possible. Please post your initial response by 11:59 PM ET Thursday and comment on the posts of two classmates by 11:59 PM ET Sunday. You can expect feedback from the instructor within 48 to 72 hours from the Sunday due date. According to the case study information how would you classify the severity of D.R. asthma attack?Name the most common triggers for asthma in any given patients and specify in your answer which ones you consider applied to D.R. on the case study.Based on your knowledge and your research please explain the factors that might be the etiology of D.R. being an asthmatic patient. Based on Ms. Brown admission’s laboratory values could you determine what type of water and electrolyte imbalance does she has?Describe the signs and symptoms to the different types of water imbalance and described clinical manifestation she might exhibit with the potassium level she has.In the specific case presented which would be the most appropriate treatment for Ms. Brown and why?What the ABGs from Ms. Brown indicate regarding her acid-base imbalance?Based on your readings and your research define and describe Anion Gaps and its clinical significance.